I will set out below a summary of the relevant expertise of those who assisted me in relation to the injuries which were sustained by those who died. It reflects the position when they gave evidence in 2021.
Forensic pathology
Philip Lumb
Dr Philip Lumb is a Home Office‑registered forensic pathologist.1 He was Lead Pathologist in response to the Attack, with responsibility for co‑ordinating the team of pathologists in the early stages of the investigation.2
Before 2017, Dr Lumb was regularly involved in planning and preparation for the pathological response to mass casualty incidents.3Â He was involved in the response to the Selby rail disaster in 2001 and the inquests into the Hillsborough disaster.4
Jack Crane
Professor Jack Crane is a medical doctor and forensic pathologist.5 He was State Pathologist for Northern Ireland between 1990 and 2014.6 He is a Professor of Forensic Medicine at Queen’s University Belfast.7
Blast Wave Panel of Experts
Mark Ballard
Lieutenant Colonel Dr Mark Ballard is a Lieutenant Colonel in the Royal Army Medical Corps8Â and a Fellow of the Royal College of Radiologists.9Â He has deployed to Afghanistan as both a general duties medical officer and a consultant radiologist.10
Since 2013, he has been a consultant radiologist at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham.11Â He was the Consultant Adviser in Radiology to the British Army between 2015 and 2019 and has consulted for the Ministry of Defence since 2019.12
Lieutenant Colonel Ballard has published and lectured nationally on the topics of ballistic injuries, blast images and tourniquets.13Â He is a contributor to the NHS England clinical guidelines on Major Incidents and mass casualty events.14
Anthony Bull
Professor Anthony Bull is a bioengineer and Head of the Department of Bioengineering at Imperial College London, where he leads the Centre for Blast Injury Studies. The Centre is cutting‑edge in its interdisciplinary approach to conducting research. With embedded military and medical personnel, it is the only centre of its kind.15
Professor Bull has extensive experience in trauma research and was awarded a fellowship with the Royal Academy of Engineering in 2014. He is a member of the World Council of Biomechanics.16
Jonathan Clasper
Colonel Professor Jonathan Clasper was a serving officer with the British Royal Army Medical Corps until 2019.17Â He was a consultant in orthopaedic surgery at Frimley Park Hospital until 202118Â and is a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh and London.19
He is a visiting professor in bioengineering at Imperial College London and Clinical Lead for the Royal British Legion Centre for Blast Injury Studies.20Â He has extensive operational experience of military trauma, having treated and researched injuries from the military conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan.21
Alan Hepper
Since 2002, Alan Hepper has been an engineer at the Defence Science and Technology Laboratory,22Â where he undertakes research to understand the effect of injuries from military weapons.23
He has provided expert witness evidence to the Special Investigation Branch of the Royal Military Police24Â and contributed to the evidence in the inquests into the 7/7 attack and Birmingham bombings in 1974.25
Peter Mahoney
Colonel Professor Peter Mahoney joined the Territorial Army in 198026Â and is a member of the reserve forces.27Â He has deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan, where he was involved in the clinical management of casualties with blast and ballistic injuries.28
He is a consultant in anaesthesia with fellowships in pre‑hospital care and anaesthesia. He has obtained a PhD in defence and security29 and a postgraduate diploma in forensic investigation.30
Cardiology
Paul Rees
Surgeon Commander Dr Paul Rees is a consultant in cardiology, general internal medicine and pre‑hospital emergency medicine31 at the Barts Heart Centre in St Bartholomew’s Hospital, London. He performs intervention and cardiology duties as part of a high‑volume 24‑hour heart attack centre team.32
He is a Surgeon Commander in the Royal Navy,33 with three years’ experience as a submarine medical officer.34 He has deployed with a Commando Brigade in Iraq and served in Afghanistan, where he worked in the field hospital and as a consultant leading the Medical Emergency Response Team.35
He regularly undertakes flying duties with the East Anglian Air Ambulance. He is also Co‑lead for the British Cardiovascular Interventional Society focus group on out‑of‑hospital cardiac arrests.36
Radiology
Richard Wellings
Dr Richard Wellings graduated as a medical doctor in 1982 and became a consultant in 1993.37Â He is a consultant radiologist at the University Hospital of Coventry and Warwickshire38Â and a Fellow of the Royal College of Radiologists.39
He is an honorary clinical lecturer at the University of Warwick.40 He has peer‑reviewed articles in relation to radiology and has published on the subject for the Royal College of Physicians.41
Pre-hospital care and orthopaedic trauma surgery
Aswinkumar Vasireddy
Mr Aswinkumar Vasireddy is a pre‑hospital care consultant involved in the management of critically injured patients, and has led on the complex trauma referral system for five years.42 He is also an orthopaedic fellow and trauma surgeon at King’s College Hospital, specialising in the management of complex trauma.43
He works as a research lead and lectures at the Institute of Pre‑Hospital Care at London’s Air Ambulance. He is an honorary clinical lecturer in the Medical School at Queen Mary University of London.44 Mr Vasireddy teaches nationally and internationally in orthopaedics and general and pre‑hospital trauma care.45
He is a non‑executive director for an NHS trust and has memberships with the British Orthopaedic Association and the Orthopaedic Trauma Societies of the UK and USA.46 He has also completed core training in anaesthesia, intensive care and emergency medicine.47
Pre-hospital care and emergency medicine
Gareth Davies
Dr Gareth Davies is a consultant in emergency medicine and pre‑hospital care.48 He was Medical Director of London’s Air Ambulance from 1996 to 2018, with responsibility for the care and treatment strategies of over 40,000 seriously injured patients.49 During this time, he attended and provided medical treatment at numerous Major Incidents.50
He is the Co‑developer and Convenor of the Royal College of Surgeons’ pre‑hospital and resuscitative thoracotomy course. Dr Davies also led the team which delivered the resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) initiative.51 He has contributed to national working groups on trauma and major incidents52 and has published over 60 peer‑reviewed papers.53 He lectures in pre‑hospital care at Queen Mary University of London.54
Claire Park
Lieutenant Colonel Dr Claire Park is a consultant in pre‑hospital care, critical care and anaesthesia in the British Army. She has deployed to Afghanistan three times as a member of the Medical Emergency Response Team and to North Africa with a small forward surgical team.55
She was the Clinical Governance Lead for the Medical Emergency Response Team between 2013 and 2016.56 She has held consultant roles within the NHS and was the Major Incident Lead with London’s Air Ambulance. She was also the Post‑incident Lead for the Fishmongers’ Hall and London Bridge attacks.57
She is a consultant in critical care and trauma at King’s College Hospital58 and provides clinical governance to the MPS and the National Police Clinical Governance Panel.59